Combination plasticizer, extruder and injection cylinder with recirculation



July l2, 1960 Q, B, SHERMAN 2,944,288

COMBINATION PLASTICIZER, EXTRUDER AND INJECTION CYLINDER WITH RECIRCULATON Filed Jan. 28, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 TTO/QNE YS July 12, 1960 o. B. SHERMAN 2,944,288

COMBINATION PLASTICIZER, EXTRUDER AND INJECTION CYLINDER WITH RECIRCULATION Filed Jan. 28, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mm ,.r mm@ /1/ leonard qm mm United States GGNIBINATION PLASTICIZER, EXTRUDER AND vINIIJCTION CYLINDER WITH RECIRCULATION Qrville. Sherman, Toledo, Ohio, assigner to Owens- AIllinois Glassjompany, a corporation of Ohio Filed Jan; 28, 1957, Ser. No. 636,559.

17 Claims. (Cl. lil-3Q) This invention relates to an improved apparatus for plasticizing, injection molding and extruding thermolplastic materials, as well as the recirculation of the plasticized material throughV the plasticizer.

Plasticizers have been commonly used in combination i with injection cylinders in the plastic molding art, wherein atent Vthe plastici'zer furnishes Working material intermittently lin which later case the remainder of the article-is formed byiextrudinhg through the orifice a hollow formation of the material integral with the'injection molded portion and then 'inclosing 'the extruded; formation inl a blow moldl and expanding itto Vfinish the article.

Fig. Y2, showing the apparatus extruding a tubular forma- `tion of material integral with the injection'lmolded'porgorfbut illustrating a'modiied form ofthe apparatus.

I Duringthe injection molding operation, the plasticizer is stopped and thenstarted 'again'afterv the'injection n iolding has been completed. Other plasticizpers provide for recirculation of the material during this injection moiding time b'y returning the material from a point near the delivery or high pressure end of the plasticizer througjhia separate and external passage to its material receiving or low pressure end.

ltis an object of the present invention to provide a simplili'ld and eiiicient plasticizer and injection cylinder combined in a single unit.

Another object of the invention Vis to provide a com `biiiation plasticizer and injection cylinder with recirculatonfoi Plostioiood material through the plastioizor, thereby @initiating not@ ,for Stop-Start @poration of tho plastisizorl o Another. @bloot of, the invention is to provide rooroulotion of'plootoizod material through ao' internal 'passage in the extruder screw of the plasticizfer. t Another obioot .of the invention iS to provide .an ijnjoo: 'tion cylindcrutiliai-ng an interior channel ofthe hollow extruder screw for recirculation of the plasticized material 'during injection molding. l

This invention constitutes an improvement over the invention covered in copending application of applicant and feo-inventor G. V. Mumford for ,fMethod and Apparatus for Feeding Plasticized Materials, Serial No. 441,394, v

iile'dluly 6, 1954, now PatentNo, 2,371,516, which earlier filed invention contemplates, generally speaking, a method and apparatus lending itself to plasticiZ/ing thermoplastic material and extruiding'arnd recirculating said material externally cf said plasticizer.`

' The present invention, on the other hand, contemplates plasticizing a supply of thermoplastic material; then selectivelyl extruding it, recirculating it internally of the plasticiger, injection molding a measured amount of such plasticized material while recirculating the remainder internally of the plasticizer, or sequentially injection molding a `pre-irizeasured amount of such plasticized ma@ terial, while recirculating the remainder of such Vplasti"` e' 2,944,288 1C@ Patented July 12, 1960 ,cized material as aforesaid, extruding a predetermined amount of such plasticized material, and finally, recircu- Ilating such plasticized material internally of the plasti- ,cizen This invention lends'itself to several processes, ,exempliiied by either: injection molding a finished article, injection molding a yfinished portion of the iinished article and extruding a blank portion integral therewith for subsequent finish forming the remainder of the article, or -extrudingfa selected formation, whereupon lengths of this extruded formation are formed into a nished article.

The speciiic nature of this invention, as well as other objects and advantages thereof, will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the annexed sheets of drawings on which, by way of preferred example only, Yare illustrated three embodiments of this invention.

In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a sectionalelevational view of the combination plasticizer andV injection cylinder of theinVentiOn and their actuating mechanism, shown at the st art of the injectionYV molding operation.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary view, taken from lFig. v1, showing the end of the stroke of the injection piston for the injection molding operation.

Fig. Y3 is ran enlarged fragmentary view, similar to v"fiorl- .f

Fig. 4 is a `sectional elevational view, similar to Fig. l,

jv llig. 5 is a sectional elevational View' of the combitrudcr screw A or plasticipzerV and injection cylinder into a single compact and efficient unit by mounting the screw in a plasticizing cavity or" a main bodyV for rotation and axial movement therein. The rotational displacement of the screw in combination with the conventional heatsupplying elements of the main body'plasticizes the raw material fed to it and the axial displacement of the screw vcooperates with a passage communicating with the cavity 4to shut-cti iiow of plasticized material from the screw tothe passage, injection molda quantity of the material in the passage through an orifice, and reopen the passage to receive and/ or extrude material delivered by, the screw. The apparatus may be utilized to injection. mold linished articles by bringing a mold opening inf-register ,Y

with Vthe orifice or may be utilized to injection mold a portionvof an article and then extrudeV a @Imation f1.3; tegral vwith the injection molded portion for enclosing'in Va blowrmold and expanding it *to the inishedshape, `Also included 'asa part of the invention is ameansof Arecirculating the plasticized material within the cavity ,when the passage is shut-oil from the. screw. This recirculation is accomplished internally of the screw. WReferring to the-figures, the invention. will now be more particularly described.

InFig. l, a main body 10 defines anraxial cavity 11 Va'ndhoufs'es an extruderscrew 12 therein. Extruder screw 12 is mounted at its outer end on thrust bearing 1 3 and is jou-rnaled in bearing 14. The outer face of thrust 13 is operatively connected to cylinder piston assemblies 15 and 1 6 which are hydraulically actuated to shift eX- truderV screw 12 axially' inwardly in cavity 11. `Piston rods 2 0 and 21, respectively, bear against the outer face l of thrust bearingA 13 and are extensible to shift extruder screw 12 inwardly in cavity 11 by the inner face ofV and rotary drive assembly 23. Power means (not shown) actuates rotary drive assembly 23 which is operatively connected to the outer end of extruder screw 12 to impart unidirectional rotation to it.

At the top and near the outer end of main body is hopper 18 which receives and contains a supply of thermoplastic rafw material, preferably in granulated or pellet form. Hopper 18 communicates with an opening 40 in main body 10 for delivery of raw material to cavity 11. This material is received in cavity 11 and advanced therein by extruder screw 12. As the material is thus advanced it is heated by conventional heater elements 19 of main body 10 and compressed by extruder screw 12 to become plasticized. In so doing, the extruder screw 12 pressurizes the plasticized material as it advances toward the inner end of caivty 11. Accordingly, the inner end portion of cavity 11 and extruder screw 12 (toward the right end in the figures) is herein referred to as the high-pressure end of said cavity and screw and the outer end portion (toward hopper 18 in the gures) is referred to as the low-pressure end of said cavity and screw.

Referring now to Figs. 1-3, it is seen that an injection cylinder barrel 31 abutts main body 10 at the high-pressure end of cavity 11, and a cylindrical passage 24 in cylinder barrel 31 communicates with cavity 11. Passage 24 also extends through orifice head 32 land communicates with orifice 33 formed in orifice bushing 34. Main body 10, injection cylinder barrel 31, orifice head 32 and orifice bushing 34 are integrally connected. Mandrel 35 is inserted axially in a portion of passage 24, terminating in orice 33, and is held in position by mandrel bushing 36.

The helix on extruder screw 12 terminates near the high-pressure end of screw 12 to form a straight sided cylindrical end portion thereon, and is bored axially t0 form sleeve 26 provided with an internal annular shoulder 25. A plate member 30 is mounted across passage 24 between injection cylinder barrel 31 and orifice head 32 and supports a fixed axially projecting pin 28. Piston 27 is journaled to iioat on pin 28 and then inserted into sleeve 26 for limited axial movement therein between the end of sleeve 26 and annular shoulder 25. Piston 27 is retained on pin 23 by its head 29.

When extruder screw 12 is rotating and is shifted toV its retracted position (Fig. 3), plasticized material is delivered under pressure to passage 24 and through ports 37 in plate 30, filling said passage with workable material. Piston 27 is held near the open end of sleeve 26 by head 29 of pin 28. By shifting extruder screw 12 inwardly in cavity 11 so that sleeve 26 enters passage 24 (Fig. l), passage 24vis disconnected from pressurized material in cavity 11. During this movement, piston 27 is held by the material in passage 24 and is thus shifted relative to sleeve `26 until it engages annular shoulder 25 in sleeve 26. Hence, to shut off the flow of plasticized material being delivered by extruder screw 112, only the relatively thin cross sectional area of sleeve 26 need be moved against the pressure head of the material being delivered by the extruder screw 12.

Spaced axially from sleeve 26 in the high-pressure end of extruder screw 12 is a first radially bored passage 38. An axially bored passage 39 extends through the opposite low-pressure end of extruder screw 12 to communicate with radial passage 38. Near the low-pressure of extruder screw 12, but intermediate hopper opening 40 and the high-pressure end of said screw, is a second radially bored passage 41 communicating with axial passage 39. Plunger 42 is inserted in the open end of passage 39 and operatively connected to a reciprocable hydraulic motor assembly 43 mounted outwardly of rotary drive assembly 23. Plunger 42 is reciprocable to either connect or disconnect radial passage 41 and axial passage 39. When plunger 42 is retracted so as to connect passages 41--39, passages 41--39-38 comprise an internal pasf sage through extruder screw 12 for recirculation of plasticized material from the high pressure end of cavity 11 into its low-pressure end. Thus, when extruder screw 12 is shifted to disconnect cavity 11 and pas-sage 24, as is shown in Figs. l and 2, plunger 42 is in its retracted position to permit recirculation of pressurized plasticized material through the internal passages 41-39-38 in extruder screw 12.

Meanwhile, injection mold assembly 44 is lowered into register with'orifice 33. By shifting extruder screw 12 to its extended position (Fig. 2), piston 27 and sleeve 26 are inserted into passage 24 to operate as an injection molding cylinder. A measured quantity of the pla-sticized material contained in passage 24 is displaced by this movement of piston 27 and sleeve 26, which material is forced to issue through orifice 33 into mold 45 to form a nish 46 defined by the mold 45.

By shifting extruder screw 12, sleeve 26 and piston 27 to their retracted positoin (Fig. 3), passage 24 and' cavity 11 are again connected and extruder screw V12 delivers material to passage 24 and hollow formation 47 is extruded from orifice 33 integral with the molded finish 46. Simultaneously, injection mold assembly 44 is withdrawn in unison with the extrusion of formation 47. Extrusion of formation 47 is stopped at the desired point by again shifting extruder screw 12 into the position shown in Fig. l, thereby disconnecting passage 24 and cavity 11. Formation 47 may then be enclosed in a blow mold and formed to finished shape by conventional blow molding operations (not shown). Extruded formation 47 may be severed at orifice 33 by passing blade 48 across oriice 33 to clean it for beginning the next injection molding cycle. Y

The apparatus described may also be applied to only injection molding a iinished article, in which case the operating cycle of shifting extruder screw 12 is such that extrusion of formation 47 is eliminated by only connecting passage 24 to cavity 11 suifciently to replace the previously displacedv material in passage 24.

A modification of the invention is illustrated in Fig. 4 which will now be described.

In this second emobdiment of the invention, sleeve 26 and its floating piston 27 on extruder screw '12 are eliminated and the high-pressure end of extruder screw 12 is chamfered at 49 so as to be insertable against the opening of passage 24 and disconnect it from cavity 11. Extruder screw 12 is rotated and reciprocated bythe same means as described in Figs. 1 3. The recirculation passage is formed by boring axial passage 39a through the length of extruder screw 12 so that it now communicates with passage 24. A stop-start valve 50 is located in passage 24. Plunger 42 is actuated to be inserted the length of passage 39a and serve as the injection molding piston. The apparatus is started from a setting of valve 50 blocking ow in passage 24. Extruder screw 12 is in its retracted position and plunger l42 is retracted outwardly of radial passage 41 so that it is connected with axial passage 39a. The material delivered by extruder screw 12 at this setting is thus recirculated through passages 39a, 41. After injection mold assembly 44 is brought into register with orifice 33, extruder screw 12 is shifted to engage its ohamfer 49' in the opening of passage 24 and disconnect said passage from cavity 11. Valve 56 is opened and plunger 42 is actuated toward the high pressure end of extruder screw 12. The length of travel of plunger 42 in thisV direction may be adjusted to measure the quantity of material to be injection molded. Material in axial passage 39a is forced into passage 24 by the stroke of plunger 42 and a finished shape is injection molded inmold 45 as previously described.

Where it is desired to blow mold a portion of the finished article integral with the injection molded portion, extruder screw 12 is retracted to connect passage 24 and cavity 11. A tubular Vformation 47 (Fig. 3) is then extruded and formed, as previously described. After sufficient material is extruded, valve 50 is closed and difices plunger 42 is retracted to recirculate material through passages 39a-41. The cycle may then be repeated.

Fig. illustrates a further modificationof the invention, representing the third embodiment of the invention, in which extruder screw 12 and its internal recirculation passages 38, 39, 41 are the same as previously described for Figs. 1-3, except the sleeve 26 and its iioatingv piston 27 at the high-pressure end of extruder screw 12' are eliminated'. Instead the high-pressure end of extruder screw 12 forms a piston 511 corresponding in diameter to the bore of passage 24 so as to be insertable therein. A stop-start valve 50 is located in passage 24. The apparatus: is actuated' similar to that previously described for Figs. 1 3. Extruder screw 12 is shifted so thatpiston `51 is inserted into passage 24 and disconnect said pas# sage from cavity 11. Material delivered by screw 12 is recirculated through itsinternal recirculation passages 38;-39-4'1. Valve 50 is then opened and extruder screw 12 Vis shifted to further extend piston 51 into passage 24 and injection mold materialV to issue from orifice 33 into injection mold 45 (Fig. 2). Extruder screw 12 may then be retracted to extrude anl integral formation or valve 50 may be closed to complete the process'.

It should be understood, therefore, that all of the described embodiments are readily adaptableV to either injection molding vfinished articles or injection molding a portion of a finished article and then extruding a formation integral therewith adaptable for finish formingthe remainderfof the article by blow molding techniques. In either case, recirculation of pressurized material'is provided internally of the plasticizer Whenever delivery of such material is interrupted.`

` It will, of course, be understood `that various details of construction maybe modified through a widerange without departing from the principles of this invention, and it is, therefore, not the purpose to-limit'the patent granted hereon otherwise'than necessitated by the'scope of the appended claims. Y l 'I claim:`

1. Apparatus for plasticizing thermoplastic material and issuing said material from an orifice comprising a main body having an axial cavity therein adapted to receive 'raw thermoplastic material from a source thereof, a passage communicating with said cavity and connected to said orifice", an axially shiftable extruder screw rotatably mounted in said cavity and operableV for plasticizing ,said received raw material and delivering said plasticized material'tow said passage under pressure,fsaid extruder screw havingV a low-pressure end where raw thermoplastic material is received and a high `pressure end where plasticized material is delivered to said passage, power means operable to shift said screw toward said passage and disconnect said passage from saidmaterial in said cavity, a piston carried by said screw member and axially shiftable rela` tive to said passage, means accommodating axial movement of said piston relative to said screw and power -means actuable to reciprocate said piston relative to said passage, whereby to force measured charges of said plasticized material to issue from said orifice after said screw 'has disconnected said passage.

2. Apparatus defined in claim l, wherein the means to disconnect said passage from saidV pressurized plastized material comprises a hollow sleeve carried axially on the high-pressure end of said screw member, said sleeve being vinsertable into said passage.

3. Apparatus defined in claim 2, wherein the piston is slidably mounted in said sleeve for limited axial movement relative thereto.

4. Apparatus defined in claim l, including an axial bore tn ountedA in said axial here.. and. Operable, to lictmalix .disccnnectsaid second radial. bore. and' Sai'd axi bore 'and means actuable to shift said plunger and' connect said second radial bore and said axial bore Whenever said passage is disconnected from saidl cavity, whereby to recirculate said pressurized material within, said cavity from the high-pressure end to the low-pressureV end of said extruder screw.

5. Apparatus for plasticizing thermoplastic material andk issuing measured vpressurized charges of said material from an orifice comprising amain body having an axial cavity therein adapted to receive raw thermoplastic material from a source thereof, a passage communicating with said cavity and connected to said orice, an axially shiftable extruder screw rotatably mounted in said cavity and operable for plasticizingV said receivedA raw material and delivering saidl plasticized material to said passage under pressure, said screw member havingv a 10W-pressure end where raw material is received and a high-pressure end where plasticized material is fed into said passage, meansV operableto disconnect said passage from said cavity, means for recirculating said pressurized material from the high-pressure end of said cavity to the lowpressure end thereof whenever said cavity is disconnected from said passage, a piston carried by said extruder screw and shiftable relative to said passage lost motion means interconnecting saidl screw and said piston, and means actuable to shift rsaid screw and said piston, whereby to Vinjection moldfmeasured amounts of said plasticized material through said orifice. Y Y 's 16. Apparatus dened in claim 57 wherein the means to disconnect said passage from said cavitycomprises a hollow sleeve mounted laxially on the high-pressure end of said extruder screw, said vsleeve being insertable into said passage, said means for axially shifting said extruder screw toward said passage` shutting off the ow of plasticized material to the passage. Y 7; Apparatus defined in claim 6, wherein the piston is reciprocably mounted in said' sleeve lfor limited axial movement' relative thereto and is shiftable relative to said passage by said means for shifting said extruder screw. 8. Apparatus defined in claim 7, wherein means for recirculating said pressurized material comprises an` axial bore in said extruder screw, a first radial bore in said extruder screw connecting the high-pressure end of said cavity with said axial bore, a Second radial bore in said extruder screw connecting the low-pressure end of said cavity with said axial bore, a plunger shiftably mounted in said bore and operable to normally disconnect said second radial bore and said axial bore, and power means for shifting said plunger to connect said second'radial bore and said axial` 'bore whenever said passage'is disconnected from said cavity. s ,9. VApparatus defined in claim 5, wherein the means to disconnect lsaid passage from said material in said cavity comprises anintegralpiston on the high-pressure end of said yextruder screw, saidV piston being in register with said passage and insertable therein tosequentially A'extending through the low-pressure end andto the high- Y disconnectsaid passage from said cavity and injection mold through' said orifice measured charges from the plasticized material contained'in said passage. i

l0. Apparatus for plasticizing, extruding and injection molding thermoplastic material comprising an extruder main body defining an axial cavity therein and adapted to receive raw thermoplastic material near one end of said cavity, molding means adapted to receive and finally' material Vreceived therein andk delivering said plasticized material from said cavity to said` passage under pressure, said screw being axially shiftable in said cavity to conf nect and ,disconnect said Ypassage and said cavity, power means for reciprocating said screw in said cavity, means for recirculating said pressurized material from the material delivery end of said cavity to the material receiving end of said cavity whenever said cavity is disconnected from said passage, and piston means carried by said screw for movement relative thereto and continuously in contact with plasticized material contained in said passage, said piston means being operable in response to said power means for injection molding a measured quantity of plasticized material through said orice whenever said passage is disconnected from said cavity by movement of said screw.

l1. Apparatus for plasticizing, extruding and injection molding thermoplastic material in a mold comprising an extruder main body defining an axial cavity therein adapted to receive raw thermoplastic material near one end of said cavity, molding means adapted to receive and nally form said material in to a Linished article, an orifice adapted for operative connection with said means, a passage communicating with the other end of said cavity and connecting it to said orifice, an extruder screw mounted for rotation in said cavity for plasticizing said material received therein and delivering said plasticized material to said passage under pressure, said screw being axially shiftable in said cavity, a hollow sleeve integral with the end of said screw and insertable into said passage to disconnect said passage and said cavity, a piston slidably mounted in saidpsleeve for limited axial movement relative thereto, power means for reciprocating said screw and said piston, whereby to alternatively either disconnect said passage and said cavity' and injection mold a measured quantity of plasticized material displaced through said orifice by said piston or connect said passage and said cavity for extrusion of said material from said orifice.

12. Apparatus for plasticizing thermoplastic material and issuing saidA material from an oriiice comprising a main body having an axial cavity therein adapted to receive raw thermoplastic material from a source thereof, a passage communicating with said cavity and connected to said oriiice, an axially shiftable extruder screw rotatably mounted in said cavity and operable for plasticizing said received raw material and delivering said plasticized material to said passage under pressure, said extruder screw having a low pressure end where raw thermoplastic material is received and a high pressure end where plasticized material is delivered to said passage, power means operable to shift said screw toward said passage and disconnect it from said material in said cavity, an axial bore extending through both ends of said extruder screw member and communicating with said passage, a piston in said axial bore of said extruder screw member adapted for axial reciprocating movement relative to said passage, a tirst radial bore connecting said axial bore and the periphery of said extruder screw near the high pressure end thereof, a second radial bore connecting said axial bore and the periphery of said extruder screw near the low pressure end thereof, and means actuable to reciprocate said piston responsive to the axial position of the extruder screw, said piston being retracted to connect said second radial bore and said axial bore whenever said passage is disconnected from said cavity to permit recirculation of said pressurized material within said cavity from the high pressure end of the extruder screw to the low pressure end thereof and said piston being operable to extend longitudinally along said axial bore and injection mold material in said passage through said orifice.

13. The method of making a plastic article from solid thermoplasitc material comprising the steps of plasticizing said tliermopiastic material in a plasticizing chamber to a fluid state and advancing said material toward an injection mold, extruding p-lasticized material from said chamber into a passage communicating with said injection mold, segregating material in said passage from said plasticizing ts chamber, thereby concurrently isolating plasticized material in said chamber subjecting said segregated material to an injection pressure to iill said injection mold, reestablishing communication between said plasticizing chamber and said passage, extruding from said passage a portion of material integral with that lling said injection mold, again segregating material in said passage from said plasticizing chamber, thereby again isolating plasticized material in said chamber and recirculating Huid material in said plasticizing chamber to accommodate the continued advancement of material in said chamber during those periods at which material in said passage is segregated from said chamber and plasticized material is isolated in said chamber.

14. In an apparatus for plasticizing, extruding and injection molding thermoplastic material, an extruder main body defining an axial cavity therein adapted to receive raw thermoplastic material nearone end of said cavity, molding means adapted to receive and nally form said material into a finished article, an orice adapted for operative connection with said means, an oriice passage communicating with the other end of said cavity and connecting it to said orifice, an extruder screw mounted for rotation on said cavity for plasticizing said material received therein and for supplying said plasticized materialy to said orifice passage under pressure, said extruder screw plasticizing said raw material to a Huid state at a medial point of said axial cavity, valve means interposed between said cavity and said orifice and operable to connect said cavity to said orifice for supplying said material thereto and to disconnect said cavity and said orilce, means deiining a recirculation passage communicating with said other end of said cavity and with said medial point of said cavity, said recirculation passage cooperating with said cavity to define a closed circulatory path for plasticized material supplied by said screw, a piston slidably disposed in said recirculation passage to control the ow of plasticized material therein and to inject material therefrom into said orice passage, and power means for actuating said piston toward said orice passage to inject material, said piston being retractable away from said orifice pasasge after the injection of material to accommodate recirculation of material through said closed circulatory path when said valve means disconnects said cavity and said orce.

15. In an apparatus as delined in claim 14, the combination wherein said recirculation passage includes an axial bore in said extrusion screw communicating-with both ends thereof, a radial passage communicating with the bore and the medial portion of said screw, and the piston extends axially of the bore for extension toward the screw discharge end to inject material from the bore and for retraction to uncover the radial passage to accommodate recirculation.

16. in a method of making a number of successive individual plastic articles from solid plastic material supplied to a housing to Ybe advanced therethrough by a continuously rotating extruder screw at a normal extruder output pressure, the exit end of the screw comrnunicating with an orifice, the solid material being rendered fluid during its passage intermediate the housing and the exterior periphery of the screw therein, the steps of interrupting communication between the screw exit end and the orice intermediate the forming of successive articles, accumulating that material supplied by the screw dur-ing such interruption, venting excess accumulated material to that exterior peripheral portion of the screw at which the material in the housing is fluid, thereby recircuiating a portion of the accumulated material, simultaneously interrupting the venting of the accumulated material and issuing through the orice the accumulated plasticized material at a pressure from a source other than the screw.

v17. ln a method of making a number of successive Vindividual plastic articles from solid plastic material supplied to a housing to be advanced therethrough by a continuously rotating extruder screw at a normal extruder output pressure, the exit end of the screw communicating with an orifice, the solid material being rendered fluid during its passage intermediate the housing and the exterior periphery of the screw therein, the steps of interrupting communication'between the screw exit end and the orice intermediate the forming of successive articles, accumulating that material supplied by the screw during such interruption, venting excess accumulated material to that exterior peripheral portion of the screw at which the material in the housing is uid, thereby recirculating a portion of the accumulated material, simultaneously interrupting the venting of the accumulated material and issuing through the orice the accumulated plasticized material during interruption of communication between the screw exit end and the orice, reestablishing communication between the screw exit end and the oriice, and issuing plastic material through the orifice from the screw.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,175,054 Ferngren et al. Oct. 3, 1939 2,288,454 Hobson f June 30, 1942 2,629,132 Willcox et al. Feb. 24, 1953 2,680,880 Corbett June 15, 1954 2,848,739 Henning Aug. 26, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS 234,156 Great Britain May 22, 1925 

